isebenza njani ijenereyitha yedizili

Iijenereyitha zedizili yimithombo yamandla ethembekileyo eguqula amandla ekhemikhali agcinwe kwisibaso sedizili abe ngamandla ombane. Zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka ekunikezeni amandla okugcina ngexesha likaxakeka ukuya kumandla kwiindawo ezikude apho umbane wegridi ungafumanekiyo. Ukuqonda indlela ijenereyitha yedizili esebenza ngayo kubandakanya ukuphonononga amacandelo ayo asisiseko kunye neenkqubo ezenzeka ngaphakathi kwazo ukuvelisa umbane.

Amalungu asisiseko seGenereyitha yeDizili

Inkqubo yejenereyitha yedizili idla ngokuba namacandelo amabini angundoqo: i-injini (ngokukodwa, i-injini ye-diesel) kunye ne-alternator (okanye ijenereyitha). La malungu asebenza ngokulandelelana ukuvelisa amandla ombane.

1. Injini yedizili: Injini yedizili yintliziyo yenkqubo yejenereyitha. Yinjini yokutsha etshisa amafutha edizili ukuvelisa amandla omatshini ngendlela yokunyakaza okujikelezayo. Iinjini zedizili zaziwa ngokomelela kwazo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwepetroli, kunye neemfuno zokugcinwa okuphantsi.

2. Ialternator: Ialternator iguqula amandla oomatshini avelisiweyo yinjini yedizili abe ngamandla ombane. Ikwenza oku ngenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-electromagnetic induction, apho iindawo ezijikelezayo zemagnethi zidala umsinga wombane kwiseti yeekhoyili ezijikeleze umbindi wentsimbi.

UmGaqo wokuSebenza

Umgaqo osebenzayo wejenereyitha yedizili unokwahlulwa ube ngamanyathelo aliqela:

1. Isitofu se-Fuel kunye nokutshiswa: I-injini ye-diesel isebenza kwi-compression-ignition principle. Umoya utsalwa kwiisilinda ze-injini ngeevalvu zokungena kwaye ucinezelelwe kuxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu. Kwincopho yoxinzelelo, i-diesel fuel ifakwe kwiisilinda phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo lubangela ukuba i-fuel ivuthe ngokuzenzekelayo, ikhuphe amandla ngendlela yokwandisa iigesi.

2. Intshukumo yePiston: Iigesi ezikhulayo zityhala ipistons ezantsi, iguqula amandla okutsha abe ngamandla oomatshini. Iipistons ziqhagamshelwe kwi-crankshaft ngokudibanisa iintonga, kwaye intshukumo yazo ezantsi ijikeleza i-crankshaft.

3. Ukuhanjiswa kwamandla omatshini: I-crankshaft ejikelezayo iqhagamshelwe kwi-rotor ye-alternator (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-armature). Njengoko i-crankshaft ijikeleza, ijika i-rotor ngaphakathi kwe-alternator, idala i-magnetic field ejikelezayo.

4. Electromagnetic Induction: Umhlaba wemagnethi ojikelezayo unxibelelana neekhoyili zestator ezimile zijikeleze umbindi wentsimbi wealternator. Oku kusebenzisana kubangela umbane otshintshanayo (AC) kwiikhoyili, ezithi ke zinikezelwe kumthwalo wombane okanye zigcinwe kwibhetri ukuze zisetyenziswe kamva.

5. Ummiselo noLawulo: Ivoltheji yemveliso yejenereyitha kunye nefrequency zilawulwa yinkqubo yolawulo, enokuthi ibandakanye i-auto voltage regulator (AVR) kunye nerhuluneli. I-AVR igcina i-voltage yokuphuma kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo, ngelixa irhuluneli ilungisa ukunikezelwa kwamafutha kwi-injini ukugcina isantya esiqhubekayo kwaye, ngoko ke, i-frequency output frequency.

6. Ukupholisa kunye ne-Exhaust: I-injini ye-diesel ivelisa umthamo omkhulu wobushushu ngexesha lokutsha. Inkqubo yokupholisa, esebenzisa amanzi okanye umoya, ibalulekile ukugcina ubushushu bokusebenza kwe-injini ngaphakathi kwemida ekhuselekileyo. Ukongezelela, inkqubo yokutshisa ivelisa iigesi zokukhupha, ezigxothwa ngenkqubo yokukhupha.

Isishwankathelo

Isishwankathelo, ijenereyitha yedizili isebenza ngokuguqula amandla ekhemikhali agcinwe kumafutha edizili abe ngamandla omatshini ngokutshisa kwinjini yedizili. La mandla omatshini emva koko atshintshelwa kwi-alternator, apho aguqulwa abe ngamandla ombane ngokufakwa kwe-electromagnetic. Inkqubo ilawulwa ngononophelo kwaye ilawulwe ukuqinisekisa unikezelo lwamandla oluzinzileyo noluthembekileyo. Iijenereyitha zedizili zisetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokuqina kwazo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwepetroli, kunye nokuguquguquka kwezinto ezahlukeneyo kwizicelo.